Detection of Low-Level Adulteration of Hungarian Honey Using near Infrared Spectroscopy

Honey adulteration is a worldwide problem; however, its detection challenge for researchers and authorities. There are numerous ways of honey counterfeiting; amongst them, direct one the most common methods. Correlative techniques, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), useful tools in adulteration; this method has not been applied to Hungarian honeys. The aim research was investigate performance NIRS sugar syrup addition honeys at lower concentration levels (<10% w/w). Acacia, rape, forest, sunflower, linden were mixed with high-fructose-content syrup, rice or self-made glucose fructose 3%, 5%, 10% w/w. analysis performed spectral range 950–1650 nm. Principal component coupled linear discriminant partial least square regression models built classification prediction levels, respectively. Our results showed that highly depends on both type honey. PCA-LDA provided 100% correct control case all models, while PLSR could predict added content F40 obtaining >2.2 RPDCV value.